The Health Guide — clear answers, healthier tomorrows

    Who does what

    What a health insurer does

    Written by Stuart Hendy, PMI Expert and Head of Publishing, PremierPMI
    Reviewed by Parvoz Haydarov, Founder, PremierPMI

    Published 15 September 2026 · Last reviewed 15 September 2026 · Next review 15 March 2027 · 3 min read

    The short answer

    An insurer carries the financial risk: it writes the policy, sets the price, decides what is covered and pays the claim. This page explains what an insurer does, how it is paid, what it is regulated to do, and where your protection comes from. We name no companies.

    What it does

    • Writes the policy wording that decides everything you are and are not covered for.
    • Prices the risk using age, location, cover level, excess and medical history.
    • Authorises treatment in advance and pays hospitals and consultants directly in most cases.
    • Decides claims against the wording and handles complaints about those decisions.

    How it is paid

    • From your premiums, less the claims it pays and the costs of running the business.
    • Renewal pricing reflects claims across the book as well as your own history.
    • Commission paid to intermediaries comes out of the premium you pay.

    What it is regulated to do

    • Authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, and prudentially regulated by the Prudential Regulation Authority.
    • Required to treat customers fairly, handle claims promptly and give clear information.
    • Required to provide an insurance product information document summarising cover.

    Anyone arranging or advising on insurance in the UK must be authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority or be an appointed representative of a firm that is, and you can check any firm or individual free of charge on the Financial Services Register. [1] The conduct rules that apply to insurance sit in the FCA’s insurance sourcebook. [2]

    What protects you

    • A complaint to the insurer, then to the Financial Ombudsman Service, costs you nothing.
    • The Financial Services Compensation Scheme covers insurance if the insurer fails.
    • You have a statutory cooling-off period on new policies.
    Where to take a problem — scroll sideways to see all columns
    The problemWhere it goes
    An insurance sale, a policy decision or a declined claimThe firm’s complaints process first, then the Financial Ombudsman Service
    A firm that has failed owing you moneyThe Financial Services Compensation Scheme
    Care or safety at a hospital or clinicThe provider’s complaints process, then the health regulator for your nation
    A doctor’s conduct or fitness to practiseThe General Medical Council
    Something we have publishedOur own corrections route on the complaints page

    The Financial Ombudsman Service resolves complaints about regulated firms free of charge, [3] and the Financial Services Compensation Scheme can pay compensation where an authorised firm cannot. [4] Care regulators publish inspection reports for private hospitals as well as NHS ones, [5] and the medical register shows whether a doctor holds a licence to practise. [8]

    Questions worth asking

    1. Is this the insurer or a brand selling another insurer’s product?
    2. Which underwriting basis is this quote on, and what does that mean for my history?
    3. What is the excess, and does it apply per year or per condition?
    4. Which hospital list is attached to this price?

    Free and impartial guidance on any of this is available from MoneyHelper. [9] Private hospital and consultant performance and fee information is published by PHIN under the Competition and Markets Authority’s order. [6] [7]

    Sources and methodology

    1. [1] Financial Conduct Authority. “The Financial Services Register”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    2. [2] Financial Conduct Authority. “Insurance: Conduct of Business Sourcebook (ICOBS)”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    3. [3] Financial Ombudsman Service. “Financial Ombudsman Service”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    4. [4] Financial Services Compensation Scheme. “Financial Services Compensation Scheme”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    5. [5] Care Quality Commission. “Find and compare care services”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    6. [6] Private Healthcare Information Network. “Private hospital and consultant performance and fee information”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    7. [7] Competition and Markets Authority. “Private healthcare market investigation”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    8. [8] General Medical Council. “The medical register”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source
    9. [9] MoneyHelper (Money and Pensions Service). “MoneyHelper — free and impartial money guidance”. Published Continuously updated; checked 15 September 2026. View source(opens in a new tab)Primary source

    We cite primary sources wherever possible. Read about our sourcing methodology.

    Written by

    Stuart Hendy

    PMI Expert and Head of Publishing, PremierPMI

    • 20 years in UK private medical insurance
    • Underwriting and corporate placement specialist

    Stuart brings over 20 years of experience advising on UK private medical insurance. He is a key member of the private medical insurance team and Head of the Publishing Team, gathering detailed client requirements, liaising with insurers on tailored quotes, and running training on insurer product changes and underwriting nuance.

    Read full profile

    Reviewed by

    Parvoz Haydarov

    Founder, PremierPMI

    • Founder of PremierPMI
    • Whole-of-market private medical insurance

    Parvoz founded PremierPMI as a specialist private medical insurance brokerage. He sets the direction of the firm — insurer relationships, service standards, compliance culture and the editorial bar for everything published under the PremierPMI name — and personally reviews the largest corporate and family cases before they go to market.

    Read full profile